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Urinary System, Kidney ???? Function Conserve H20, ions, fluids Remove metabolic waste Produce urine Receive 20% of cardiac output, Nephron fcnal unit of kidney produce urine like secretory part of other glands ???? Renal corpuscle-3 layers beginning of nephron 1.fenestrated endoth. cells of glomerulus-tuft of caps 10-20 cap. loops supp. by aff/efferent art'oles eff. become vasa recta penetrate & exit Bow's cap at 'vascular pole' 2. basal lamina 3. surr. by Bowman's capsule double layered epith. cap overlying basal lamina contiuous w/ caps contains podocytes glom. epith cells form discontinuous layer pedicles interdigitate, Nephron fcnal unit of kidney produce urine like secretory part of other glands ???? Ureters conduct urine from pelvis to bladder 45° path into bladder wall prevent urine reflux high ANS innervation transitional epith, Function Conserve H20, ions, fluids Remove metabolic waste Produce urine Receive 20% of cardiac output Endocrine Function Synth. erythropoietin GF for RBC production responds to lower PO2 acts on CFUs in marrow Synth & secrete renin blood pressure/volume cleaves angiotensinogen-> angiotensin 1 Hydroxylize Vit D steroid pro-hormone for calcium metabolism, Glom. basement memb (GBM) jt product of endoth & podocytes physical barrier & ion filter with type IV collagens sialoproteoglycans PGs & non-coll GPs-(laminin) glycosamines (heparin sulfate) all in diff. portions of GBM restrict large proteins (w/ slits) ???? Albumin close to 70kDal pore size sometimes pass, but resorbed ProxConvTub endocytosis If not absorbed-albuminuria hematuria-Hb in urine both mean damage to GBM ɯ.5g protein=serious renal dys. SLE immune complex disease extreme exercise->proteinuria, Kidney ???? Structure: 2 parts, Renal corpuscle-3 layers beginning of nephron 1.fenestrated endoth. cells of glomerulus-tuft of caps 10-20 cap. loops supp. by aff/efferent art'oles eff. become vasa recta penetrate & exit Bow's cap at 'vascular pole' 2. basal lamina 3. surr. by Bowman's capsule double layered epith. cap overlying basal lamina contiuous w/ caps contains podocytes glom. epith cells form discontinuous layer pedicles interdigitate ???? Filtration slits spaces b/w pedicles change dia w/ pedicles' actin fine regulation of GFR glycopros/glycocalyx act like GAGs in GBM-filter fenestrated caps-keeps RBCs&formed elements in blood, Renal corpuscle-3 layers beginning of nephron 1.fenestrated endoth. cells of glomerulus-tuft of caps 10-20 cap. loops supp. by aff/efferent art'oles eff. become vasa recta penetrate & exit Bow's cap at 'vascular pole' 2. basal lamina 3. surr. by Bowman's capsule double layered epith. cap overlying basal lamina contiuous w/ caps contains podocytes glom. epith cells form discontinuous layer pedicles interdigitate ???? Juxtaglomerular Apparatus macula densa more columnar cells of DST chemo reception adj to vasc pole of same corp. JG cells-w/ sec. vsicles, spher. nuc modified sm. m, sim to mesan. at beginning of aff/eff arterioles extraglom mesan. cells, ProxConvTub resorb 80% primary glom filtrate 150L/day cuboidal cells w/brush border Na/K pump (Na)->Cl&H2O follow peritub caps. resorb fluid abs. AAs, gluc, proteins endocytosis resorb bicarb ions (maintain pH) secrete exogenous org. As, Bs -from vasa recta-maintain pH ???? Thin Loop of Henle 4 cells types-simple epith countercurrent exchange for hypertonic urine dep. on-loop, vasa, coll. ducts, Cortex-90-95% of kidney blood nephrons! 2 mill/kidney prox/distal convo. tubules collecting duct system renal corpuscles: glomerulus Bowman's capsule Medullary rays: contains straight tubs. & collecting ducts ???? Covered by Capsule 2 layers: Outer-fib'blasts, collagen Inner-myofibroblasts resist vol/press variations Goes around to cover sinus & walls of calyces & pelvis