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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: GERD, Increase cellular permeability . Permits hydrogen ions to penetrate through intracellular spaces, Develop scarring of the esophagus that impairs esophageal motility . Causing fibrosis, Hydrogen ions reach sensory nerve endings deeper in the epithelium . Heartburn sensation occurs, Erosions develop . Develop scarring of the esophagus that impairs esophageal motility, Heartburn sensation occurs . May cause cell to lose its ability to regulate its own volume, Cell lysis and inflammatory response . Replacement of squamous epithelial cells by columnar type epithelium, GERD . Mucous secreting glands fail to secrete bicarbonate (neutralizes gastric acid), Permits hydrogen ions to penetrate through intracellular spaces . Hydrogen ions reach sensory nerve endings deeper in the epithelium, Replacement of squamous epithelial cells by columnar type epithelium . Causing pre-malignant cellular changes known as Barrett's esophagus, The upper esophageal sphincter fails as a barrier method . Contractile motions in the esophagus fail to move substances out of the esophageal tract, Gastroparesis from Diabetes . GERD, Diffusion potential develops at esophagus's surface epithelial cells . Increase cellular permeability, May cause cell to lose its ability to regulate its own volume . Cell lysis and inflammatory response, Cell lysis and inflammatory response . Cell death may exceed cell production, Cell death may exceed cell production . Erosions develop, Contact with hydrochloric acid in gastric juices . pH less than 2, Contractile motions in the esophagus fail to move substances out of the esophageal tract . Contact with hydrochloric acid in gastric juices, pH less than 2 . Diffusion potential develops at esophagus's surface epithelial cells, Mucous secreting glands fail to secrete bicarbonate (neutralizes gastric acid) . The upper esophageal sphincter fails as a barrier method