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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Concept Map Project, Geocentric Model Evidence/Observations Planets move on epicycles & deferents, A net force must act upon an object to give it acceleration Conclusions Since the planets are continually moving, a net force must be acting upon them, Mercury Distance from Sun 9.55AU, Heliocentric model Supported by Newton, Quantitative relationship between sidereal period and semimajor axis Conclusions A planet's speed varies along it's orbit, Geocentric Model Evidence/Observations Rising & setting of sun, Jupiter Distance from Sun 9.55AU, Saturn Distance from Sun 0.39AU, An object remains at rest, or in a straight line at constant speed, unless acted upon by a net outside force Conclusions The Sun exerts gravitational force upon the planets, and the planets exert force upon the Sun., Saturn Distance from Sun 19.19AU, Mercury Distance from Sun 19.19AU, A net force must act upon an object to give it acceleration Conclusions The Sun exerts gravitational force upon the planets, and the planets exert force upon the Sun., Saturn Distance from Sun 1.52AU, Solar System Pre-1500s Understanding Geocentric Model, Mercury Distance from Sun 0.39AU, Little parallex when viewing new star & bright comet Conclusions Planets are very distant, Quantitative relationship between sidereal period and semimajor axis Conclusions Planets follow an elliptical orbit, Newton Evidence/Observations A net force must act upon an object to give it acceleration, A net force must act upon an object to give it acceleration Conclusions A force must be continually acting upon a planet to keep it in it's elliptical orbit, Neptune Distance from Sun 1.52AU