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Vascular System Development, Truncus arteriosus/conus cordis septum-5th wk both divided by aorticopulm. septum by truncus cushions on each side that fuse fused septa continues down as spiral septum endocard. cushion grows up =>memb. IV septum by 7th wk end. Semilunar valves-truncus div'd by valves cusps-R,R, L,L, A,P correlated w/ locus in heart aorta w/ Post., pulm w/ ant. =>OPPOSITE neural crest cells help formation ???? Narrow semilunar valves-stenosis Fused valves-atresias, Vascular System Development ???? Cardiac loop-bends on day 23-28 (heart beating) Ceph portion- bulbis cordis ventrally, caudally, to the right Caudal portion-ventricle dorsocranially to the left lowest portion-Primitive atrium moves up w/ vent., ends above vent. sinus venosus continues from atrium, Vascular System Development ???? Starts to appear mid-3rd week diffusion not enough for nutrition Angiogenic clusters in splanchnic meso. from mesenchymal cells Ant. to these-cardiogenic area-horseshoe at prechordal plate, Embryo folds cephalocaudally and laterally starts ant. to, then ends post. to BP memb. Intraembryonic cavity around this becomes pericardial cavity Lateral fold merges paired cardiac primordia (angiogenic clusters) - day 22 - heart beats fold causes dorsal mesocardium-(transverse sinus) epimyocardial cellse on outside of tube Horseshoe opens to form outflow & vent. regions ???? Heart tube 3 layers diff'ate ht. tube wall endo, myo, epicardium fused in middle, ends still sep., Vascular System Development ???? Respiratory system, Vascular System Development ???? Embryonic arteries vitelline aa-become celiac, SMA, IMA supply fore, mid, hindgut umb aa.-branch from common iliac persist as internal iliac, sup. vesical a. distally obliterates to med. umb. liga., Vascular System Development Septal Formation 27th-37th days Endocardial cushions in AV and truncoconal regions cushions derived from neural crest, Aortic Arches from bulbis cordis (truncus arteriosus)- 6 pairs of aortic arches connect paired dorsal aortae aortic arches run w/ pharyn. arches 1. Pulm a. & ductus arteriosus - 6th arch 2. Arch of aorta - 4th arch 3. Subclavian a. (rt) - 4th arch, 7th interseg. a. 4. Common carotid aa. - 3rd arch ???? Sinus Venosus- 3 pairs of venous return to heart tube extraemb.-vitelline, umbilical vv. vitelline-yolk sac to SV, spawn hepatic sinusoids rt. vit. forms rt. hepatocardiac chan->hep'ac IVC prox. and distal left vit. disappear distal rt. vit becomes SMV umbilical-placenta to SV, connect to hep. sins. ductus venosus b/w left umb & rt. hep'ac channel prox parts of R/L umb vein disappear DV becomes ligamentum venosum left umb becomes lig. teres hepatis intraemb.-a+p cardinal veins=common card. vv main venous drainage of emb., ceph & caudal join to common card. before entering sinus both pair off left. ant forms oblique vein of left atrium & coronary sinus rt. forms SVC, Starts to appear mid-3rd week diffusion not enough for nutrition Angiogenic clusters in splanchnic meso. from mesenchymal cells Ant. to these-cardiogenic area-horseshoe at prechordal plate ???? Embryo folds cephalocaudally and laterally starts ant. to, then ends post. to BP memb. Intraembryonic cavity around this becomes pericardial cavity Lateral fold merges paired cardiac primordia (angiogenic clusters) - day 22 - heart beats fold causes dorsal mesocardium-(transverse sinus) epimyocardial cellse on outside of tube Horseshoe opens to form outflow & vent. regions, Atrial septum-day 28 septum primum-grows as sickle from roof of common atrium extend down to endocard. cushions of AV canal doesn't go all the way-ostium primum b/w two cushions fill in gap upper portion makes gap at same time-ostium secundum septum secundum-fold growing down from roof after SVC, IVC incorporation leaves oval opening-foramen ovale septum primum shrinks, stays as valve of foramen ovale two septa fuse after birth ???? More atrial development emb. left atrium=>L auricle(trabeculated atrial appendage smooth walled atrium from pulm veins emb. right atrium=>R auricle(trabec. atrial app.) smooth walled portion from sinus venarum (fossa of opened sinus venosus)