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Urinary System Development, Rise of kidney: metanephric blastema in pelvis -kidney 'ascends' as lumbosacral grows -thus high aortic levels develop though maybe some low remain ???? Cloaca split by urorectal septum urogenital sinus split into: 1. urinary bladder (urachus-oblit allantois lumen) -trigone-mesodermal bladder expands, att directly to bladder -move from meso duct (becomes deferens) -all else-endodermal (from cloaca) 2. prostatic, membranous urethra 3. phallic part of sinus, Urinary System Development ???? 2 parts: 1. Filtration/Excretory -nephrons 2. Collecting Unit -collecting tubules to ureter, 3 levels of development ???? Mesonephros-early 4th wk -derived from int. meso -upper thor to L3 segments -excret. tubules form S-shaped loops -acquire glom caps from aorta -mesonephric duct connects all tubs (Wolffian Duct)-longitudinal -down to cloaca -regress completely by 2nd month end, Pronephros-4th week beginning -7-10 solid cell groups -cervical regions -nonfunctional -1st formed nephrotomes/glom -disappear before end of 4th wk ???? Dorsal aorta forms int/ext gloms. -ext-to intraemb. cavity -int-to nephric tubule (intermed mesoderm) open to cavity, Mesonephros-early 4th wk -derived from int. meso -upper thor to L3 segments -excret. tubules form S-shaped loops -acquire glom caps from aorta -mesonephric duct connects all tubs (Wolffian Duct)-longitudinal -down to cloaca -regress completely by 2nd month end ???? ovoid urogenital ridges lateral to gonads, Rise of kidney: metanephric blastema in pelvis -kidney 'ascends' as lumbosacral grows -thus high aortic levels develop though maybe some low remain ???? In Utero Kidney Functional at 2nd half of preg. urine to amn cavity, swallowed, passed it's okay-placenta removes waste now, Nephrons formed til birth-1 mill/kidney urine made after 10th wk no increase in nephrons, just growth, after birth -in sum-permanent kidney from 2 sources 1. ureteric bud (from mesonephric duct) 2. metanephric mesoderm-nephron Rise of kidney: metanephric blastema in pelvis -kidney 'ascends' as lumbosacral grows -thus high aortic levels develop though maybe some low remain, Metanephros-permanent kidney-5th week -collecting ducts form like in mesonephros -metanephric ducts different, though: Ureteric bud-outgrowth of meso. duct -close to entrance to cloaca -bud penetrates metanephric blastema dilates to form renal pelvis -divides to cran, caud portions-mj calyces subdivide about 12 generations -induced by GDNF from mesoderm -1-3 mill collecting tubules ???? Renal Agenesis-bud does not branch -nephrons don't develop -bud degenerates, kidney involutes 1/1500 indivs if bilateral-Potter's sequence- oligohydramnios-⇓amn. fluid -thus lung defects, Metanephric tissue caps on all new tubules -cap induced to form small renal vesicles -renal vesicles give rise to S-shaped tubs -caps grow into one end of S->glom -other end--fuses w/ coll. ducts lengthens ->distal conv. tub., PCT, Henle -thus forms nephrons-excretory unit ???? Nephrons formed til birth-1 mill/kidney urine made after 10th wk no increase in nephrons, just growth, after birth -in sum-permanent kidney from 2 sources 1. ureteric bud (from mesonephric duct) 2. metanephric mesoderm-nephron, Metanephros-permanent kidney-5th week -collecting ducts form like in mesonephros -metanephric ducts different, though: Ureteric bud-outgrowth of meso. duct -close to entrance to cloaca -bud penetrates metanephric blastema dilates to form renal pelvis -divides to cran, caud portions-mj calyces subdivide about 12 generations -induced by GDNF from mesoderm -1-3 mill collecting tubules ???? Double/ectopic ureter -bud splits before mesoderm could open in blad, ureth, vag, epid