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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Cultural Universals(2), Eight of the Major Universals Culture - The sum total of the way of living of a group of humans that can be transmitted from generation to generation. These elements of culture can be found in all groups of people. They are not uniform, but they are universal. For example when applited to Canada Section 2, Canada Section 2 can be broken down into the following categories Language Communication: Language: Canada's proffered languages are English and French. 59% of all Canadians speak English Canadian constitution states that English and French are the “official languages” (Wikipedia). All of the Canadian laws are written in both languages. There are also very many other languages but very few people speak them. Chinese, Punjabi, Spanish, Italian, Arabic and Aboriginal languages are spoken few Canadians. There are also many other languages spoken by the people of Canada. In all of the provinces except Quebec, English is the most used language. New Brunswick is the home to most of the French speaking citizens. Canadian Alphabet and Numerical Systems: The Canadian alphabet consists of 27 letters. When the first 26 were decided (A-Z), they decided to add another letter. They added the question mark. Eh, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Zed and ? When saying the letter “Z” they pronounce it “Zed” and at times will draw a line through it, “Z”. Also in the alphabet the letter “A” is said as “Eh”. The metric system is used in Canada it is the Legal Standard. Thee Number seven in Canada is written with a line through it: 7 Communication through technology: There are 1456 television broadcast stations in Canada. According to a 1997 census there are 32.3 million radios in Canada. 67% of 16 to 60 of Canadians use their cellular phones on a regular basis and one third of the Canadian population does not own a mobile phone. Works Cited: http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Americas/Canada-LOCATION-SIZE-AND-EXTENT.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Canada, Canada Section 2 can be broken down into the following categories Famliy and Kin Marriage: Same-sex marriage - About 48.5% of the adult population in Canada was married in 2006 (as opposed to single, separated, divorced, widowed or living in common law) - The number of marriages in the country was 149,236 in 2006 -- down nearly 2,000 from the previous year, but up from 148,585 in 2004. -In 2006, there were 1,629,490 divorced Canadians -- or about 5% of the population. 941,306 (well over half) of the divorcees were female. - As of 2006, there were 1,414,060 single-parent families in Canada -- or approximately 15.9% of all families. - Of the lone-parent families, 1,132,290 were headed by the mother. In 1971, the number was approximately 476,300. - There were 70,828 divorces in 2003 -- down from 71,144 in 2000. - More than one-third of marriages in Canada will end in divorce before the thirtieth anniversary. Family Roles: -Women’s labor force in 1931 was only 19.3 percent, but in 1961, it became 29.5 percent. Moreover, in 1971, it dramatically increased to 40 percent, and in 1981, it increased to 52 percent. For men, a working wife means the failure in the traditional role of breadwinner. However, for women, work, motherhood, and quest of career have been becoming normal. In other words, these men escape from their paternal roles, or challenge to adapt fatherhood within a family. Children believe that the father has more power than the mother. It is true that men move from family, and women are becoming more powerful., Canada Section 2 can be broken down into the following categories Food, Clothing, and Shelter Food: roast polar bear, boiled reindeer, moose meat soup, sweet pickled beaver, squirrel fricassee, fried woodchuck. Stuffed whale breast, steamed muskrat legs, boiled porcupine, boiled caribou hoofs. Baked skunk, dried buffalo meat, baked salmon, roast or boiled corn, and acorn bread, Atlantic lobster, Belon oysters and Bras d’or from Nova Scotia, Matane shrimps, Brome Lake Duckling, fresh of smoked Gaspe salmon, corn fed pork, Lake Erie sturgeon caviar, Arctic char, Winnipeg gold eye, wild rice, fiddleheads, cod tongues, Alberta beef, domesticated buffalo, farm-raised pheasants, quails, reindeer, “cultured mussels,” salmon caviar and Pacific oysters. Cheese: Oka, Brie, Camembert, Triple cream, corn fed pork, and back bacon (a k a Canadian bacon), pemeal bacon, just to name a few. Clothing: Winter: heavy winter coat or jacket, warm boots, a hat or hood, scarf and gloves, sweaters and warm slacks, Thermal underwear Fall: What America wears in the Fall Spring: a raincoat with hood, lightweight jacket, plus sweaters Summer: What America wears in the Summer How students dress: casually, in jeans or slacks, except for the most formal occasions Most people live in homes, apartments and condos. They live like we do but in homes they have a lot more land for each house, Canada Section 2 can be broken down into the following categories Recreation Sports- Canada has teams in the MLB, NHL, and NBA. Unlike America where every team is against each other because Canada has few teams they all root for each other. Canada's official sports are lacrosse and hockey and are huge in Canada. Sports in the Winter Olympics are played all the time in Canada. Curling, Speed Skating, and other. Hunting and Fishing- Many Canadians like to hunt and fish. Ice fishing is popular because of the ice. Other- Modern Canadian cities like Toronto and Montreal are very much like American cities. Canadians like to see movies, go to sport events and play, go to a mall, and many other activities. Works Cited: Canwest Publishing, ed. "Sports Topics." Www.canada.com. 2005. Thursday Oct. 2008 <http://www.canada.com/topics/sports/index.html>., Canada Section 2 can be broken down into the following categories Religion In Canada you can have many death arrangements made before you die. Two of these arrangements are wills and donation of body parts. Canadian laws and customs restrict how a person's wishes are enforced after death. There is a tendency to donate body parts for transplant or research. If a person says they want to have there body donated before they die, when they are dead their family can say no if they have strong views about dismembering the dead. The families religious attitudes and traditions influence the decision. The family can say the type of funeral and even arrange the newspaper obituary. For highly placed individuals, or for a member of the armed forces or the police, public protocols about funeral arrangements may take precedence over individual or family customs and wishes. Christianity in Canada The majority of Canadian Christians do not attend Church often. National surveys of religiosity rates such as the Pew Global Attitudes Project indicate that, on average, Canadian Christians are less observant than those of the United States but are still more religious than their counterparts in Britain or in western Europe. In 2002, 30% of Canadians reported to Pew researchers that religion was "very important" to them. The large churches—Roman Catholic, United, and Anglican, which together count more than half of the Canadian population Canada also has many smaller Christian groups, including Orthodox Christianity. Works Cited “Predeath Protocols.” The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Foundation. 12 Oct 2008. <http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1SEC821010>. “Religion in Canada.” Wikipedia. Wikipedia Foundation, Inc. 16 Oct 2008. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Canada>., Canada Section 2 can be broken down into the following categories Government Political Opinions of Canada Canada has 58,400 police officers protecting the provinces currently and 20,700 civilian people who do police services in Canada. Canadian laws guide public and private affairs. Canada had its lowest rate of crime in 25 years in 2007 with 7,655 incidents per 100,000 people. 1,800 incidents per 100,000 people. Canada uses a constitutional Monarchy that utilizes the Queen Elizabeth II as the Head of state. Canada also has a Parliamentary democracy, that includes a federal system and parliamentary government. Stephen Harper is the leader of Canada's Conservative party and the leader of the Liberal party is Stèphane Dion. Since September 27, 2005 Michaèlle Jean. Federal Parliament is made up of the Queen, the senate and the Leaders of the Parties(Wikipedia)., Canada Section 2 can be broken down into the following categories Art A few of the actors that were born in Canada are Carrie Anne Moss, Jim Carrey, and Art Linkletter. Carrie Anne Moss is a famous Canadian actress. She is well known in her part in the movie “The Matrix Trilogy” as Trinity. She was also casted in previous seque ls to the Matrix. Jim Carrey is an comedian from Newmarket, Ontario. Jim Carrey is w A ell known for his crazy performances in the following movies: Dumb and Dumber, The Mask, Bruce Almighty, A Series of Unfortunate Events, and many more. Art Linkletter is a man who hosed two of the longest TV shows in history, “House Party” and “People are Funny”. Some of the famous artist and bands that we know today in the U.S. Are from Canada. A few of the artists are Avril Lavigne, Bryan Adams, Shania Twain, and Celine Dion. A few of the famous bands from Canada are Finger Eleven, Nickleback, Simple Plan, and Sum 41. The famous Cirque du Soleil was first founded in Montréal, Québec by two street preformers, Guy Laliberté and Daniel Gauthier. Guy Laliberté was a accordion player, a still-walker (where people would stand on high sticks of wood and walk around), and a fire-eatter. Later on he met a man named Daniel Gauthier who was a basic artist who like to draw comic-books. Together the two men started their circus which is a big success., Canada Section 2 can be broken down into the following categories Economics This is all from wikipedia Canada import and exports all around the world. Canada is the home of the service industry home to more then 3 quarters. . 80 percent of our export is to the United States. 70 Percent import us. Canada is the9th largest economy in the world. The United States is canada's largest trading partner with export. A lot of the power in the Canadian area is wind and solar powered. Very natural place. They Use natural things.The Exchange rate in canada is different then the U.S. In the 1990, there was a economice crisis, with The cod Dying in Canada, and Logging industry on strike. They are a very clean area of the world. It is less expensive for canada to send oil to the U.S the for everyone else. Also there energy is very cheap, and allows them to create cewrtain production unit A large part of area in Canada is dedicated to making the place clean. Anothes called aluminum industrys. A large area of Canada is dedicated to Oil and air fields . Canada is one of largest agriculture areas in the world. They have Relations with U.S. Canada Lives in the shadow of us, and They feel ignored . Now, as a law, instead of presenting a drivers licsence when crossing the border, you must present a passport as well. It does not seem very fair.