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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Boron Chapter 32 - Control of Ventilation, Respond to both chemical and mechanical stimulation. Rapid + shallow breathing, Rapidly adapting receptors (aka irritant receptors) Lie between the airway epithelial cells, Ventral respiratory group (VRG) Has both inspiratory & expiratory neurons, Hypercapnea (too much CO2) causes the acid base equilibrium of the blood to shift towards a more acidic state (pushes it to the right)* Increased firing rate of the phrenic nerve and nerves to the accessory inspiratory muscles, Carotid body Innervated by efferents of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system*, Apneustic (lower pons)* Location of the "inspiratory cut off switch", Pulmonary receptors Airway receptors, Chemical Control of Ventilation Peripheral chemoreceptors, Inspiratory Pre-Botzinger Complex, Located near the carotid sinus (dilated portion of the common carotid, immediately prior to the split of the internal and external common carotid arteries in the neck) Receives an incredibly high amount of blood flow, Cerebral cortex (voluntary) Influence/bypass the central respiratory control mechanism to do things like cough, speak, sing, hold breath, etc, Airway receptors Innervated by mylinated fibers from the vagus nerve, Botzinger Complex Inhibits Pre-Botzinger Complex, Slowly adapting receptors (aka pulmonary stretch receptors) Lie along the airway smooth muscle, Hypercapnea (too much CO2) causes the acid base equilibrium of the blood to shift towards a more acidic state (pushes it to the right)* Known as respiratory acidosis, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mtext> Glomus cells in the carotid body sense low </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> P </mtext> <mtext> O2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> and high </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> P </mtext> <mtext> CO2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> and low pH </mtext> </mrow> </math> The glomus cels recieve their oxygen supply from the oxygen that is dissolved in the blood, not from the oxygen bound to hemogobin. This is why the glomus cells are sensitive to drops in arterial PO2*, Juxtacapillary receptors Found in the alveoli, Slowly adapting receptors (aka pulmonary stretch receptors) Responsible for the Hering-Breuer inflation reflex*, Dorsal respiratory group (DRG) Located in the nucleus of tractus solitarius in the medulla, Brainstem (involuntary) Medullary