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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Boron Chapter 26 - Organization of the Respiratory System, Filtering small emboli from the blood Particles that would form clots elsewhere can be trapped by the capillaries in the lungs to keep them from traveling through the systemic circulation (to the brain, mostly), Lung Volumes & Capacities Lung Volumes, Lung compliance Compliance is directly proportional to IRV. As compliance increases, it becomes easier to inflate the lungs, Splits into right and left mainstem bronchi (Generation 1) Bronchi continue to divide into smaller and smaller bronchi (Generations 2 through 10), Splitting continues with no alveoli present through generation 16 - End of the anatomical deadspace (terminal bronchioles) Generation 17 is where the alveoli are first found (respiratory bronchioles), Amount of air exhaled in 1 second following a maximal inspiration Typically 80% of VC in healthy individuals. Depends on all of the factors that affect VC plust airway resistance, Total lung capacity (TLC) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mtext> Sum of all four lung volumes </mtext> </mrow> </math>, Lung Volumes Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) Volume of air that could be inhaled with maximal effort following a quiet inspiration, Volume of air that could be inhaled with maximal effort following a quiet inspiration Dependent upon Flexibility of skeleton, Type I alveolar pneumocytes Cover 90-95% of alveolar surface, Nonrespiratory functions of the lungs Biochemical reactions, Left ventricular reservoir Pulmonary circulation can hold upwards of 500 mL of blood (enough for 2 pumps), Bronchi continue to divide into smaller and smaller bronchi (Generations 2 through 10) Generation 11 bronchioles lack cartillage and are held open only by pressure graident and tethering to surrounding tissues, Typically 80% of VC in healthy individuals. Depends on all of the factors that affect VC plust airway resistance Vital capcity (VC), Generation 17 is where the alveoli are first found (respiratory bronchioles) Alveolar lining is made up two types of epithelial cells, Total ventilation (liters/minute) Respiratory rate multiplied by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mtext> Tidal Volume ( </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> V </mtext> <mtext> T </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> ) </mtext> </mrow> </math>, Flexibility of skeleton Decreased flexibility leads to decreased ability to increase thoraxic volume, Vital capcity (VC) IRV + TV + ERV, Posture IRV is lower when laying down because the diaphram has to move the abdominal contents which are usually pushed down by gravity when standing upright