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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Boron Chapter 31 - Ventilation and Perfusion of the Lungs, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mfrac> <mtext> Ventilation (V) </mtext> <mtext> Perfusion (Q) </mtext> </mfrac> <mtext> quotient </mtext> </mrow> </math> Ventilation = O2 intake, Dead Space Ventilation continues to an area of the lung that is not receiving any blood, Physiological dead space In a healthy person, should only include Anatomical dead space, Physiological dead space The volume of airways not receiving CO2 from pulmonary circulation and, therefore, not participating in gas exchange, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mfrac> <mtext> Ventilation (V) </mtext> <mtext> Perfusion (Q) </mtext> </mfrac> <mtext> quotient </mtext> </mrow> </math> 1 is ideal. Equal ventilation to perfusion, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mfrac> <mtext> Ventilation (V) </mtext> <mtext> Perfusion (Q) </mtext> </mfrac> <mtext> quotient </mtext> </mrow> </math> Perfusion = CO2 output, Widened alveolar- arterial (A-a) gradient* Less blood is being oxygenated, Perfusion continues to an area of the lung that is not receiving any ventilation Blood returning to the heart is still deoxygenated, and mixes with the oxygenated blood, thereby decreasing the oxygen content of the blood, Infinity Dead Space, The convective movement of air that exchanges gases between the atmosphere and the alveoli. Alveolar ventilation, Less blood is being oxygenated Hypoxia and respiratory acidosis, V/Q mismatches Ventilation < Perfusion 0, Alveolar ventilation The volume of fresh air per minute that actually reaches the alveoli., Dead space ventilation The volume of stale air that shuttles back and forth between the conducting airways and the atmosphere, Perfusion <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mfrac> <mtext> Ventilation (V) </mtext> <mtext> Perfusion (Q) </mtext> </mfrac> <mtext> quotient </mtext> </mrow> </math>, Blood returning to the heart is still deoxygenated, and mixes with the oxygenated blood, thereby decreasing the oxygen content of the blood Less blood is being oxygenated, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> P </mtext> <mtext> AO2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> = </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> F </mtext> <mtext> IO2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> - </mtext> <mfrac> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> P </mtext> <mtext> ACO2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> <mtext> RQ </mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> </math> FIO2 = Fraction of inspired oxygen. [(Barometric pressure - PH2O (47 at body temp)] * fraction of air that is oxygen (21%), The volume of airways not receiving CO2 from pulmonary circulation and, therefore, not participating in gas exchange made up of Anatomical dead space, Ventilation continues to an area of the lung that is not receiving any blood Less blood is being oxygenated, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> P </mtext> <mtext> AO2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> = </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> F </mtext> <mtext> IO2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> - </mtext> <mfrac> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> P </mtext> <mtext> ACO2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> <mtext> RQ </mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> </math> RQ = respiratory quotient. CO2 produced/O2 consumed. Approximately 0.8 for our typical fat-containing diet.