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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: COPD1, inhaled corticosteroids ???? reduce increased neutophils & CD8+, COPD ???? emphysema, IM ???? methylprednisolone, testing ???? spirometry showing irreversible airway obstruction, treatment ???? influenza and pneumococcal vaccine, signs & symptoms ???? decreased VEGF, treatment ???? inhaled corticosteroids, prednisolone/ prednisone ???? prodrug, anti-inflammatory ???? inhibits the formation of inflammatory cytokines, COPD ???? treatment, PDE-4 inhibitor ???? anti-inflammatory effect, methylprednisolone ???? approx. $40, signs & symptoms ???? peripheral edema, treatment ???? systemic corticosteroids, signs & symptoms ???? underweight, methylprednisolone ???? 80-120mg, methylprednisolone ???? inexpensive, but has to be administered in healthcare setting, signs & symptoms ???? loss of elastic recoil, emphysema ???? testing, systemic corticosteroids ???? oral