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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Viral pathogenesis part 2 _ 2018, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) virulence genetic determinants, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) shedding release of virions from an infected individual, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) Mechanisms of cell injury viroporins, viroporins results in modification of cellular membranes, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) Mechanisms of cell injury stimulate body cells to release inflammatory vasoactive peptides, bradykinins, histamines, etc., immunopathology CD8+ T cells apoptosis of infected cells, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) determinants of susceptibility host genes, age, gender, pregnancy, nutrition, smoking, air pollution, stress, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) Mechanisms of cell injury inhibition of host protein & RNA synthesis, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) Mechanisms of cell injury transformation of normal cells, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) virulence capacity of infection to cause disease, genetic determinants identified by mutation - enable spread in host - alter ability of the virus to replicate - modify host's defense mechanisms - toxic viral proteins, immunopathology B cells virus-antibody complexes lead to vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, & mental confusion, cytolytic viruses induce necrosis, apoptosis, or pyroptosis, immunopathology CD4+ T cells inflammation; demyelination, stromal keratitis, immunopathology B cells enhancement of viral infection, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) Mechanisms of cell injury Syncytium formation by enveloped viruses, immunopathology immunosuppression Mechanisms - Replication in one or more cells of immune system - Perturbation of cytokine homeostasis & signaling - viral proteins acting as viroceptors or virokines, capacity of infection to cause disease degree virulent avirulent attenuated, inhibition of host protein & RNA synthesis leads to - loss of membrane integrity - leakage of enzymes from lysosomes - cytoplasmic degradation, Viral Pathogenesis (Part II) Mechanisms of cell injury cytolytic viruses